Adat istiadat Kesultanan Johor moden 1855-2012 / Abdul Rahim Ramli

Includes bibliographical references

Johor Modern was founded by Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim in 1855, which started with the handover of the Johor kingdom and state to Sultan Ali, and was strengthened by Sultan Abu Bakar with various initiatives that applied elements of Western innovation. Innovation element initiatives that are applied across administrative systems, education, defense, transportation, architecture, dress and palace culture. The impact of this innovation initiative is not limited to reforms, it even makes the state of Johor unique and the first to do so ahead of other states. An innovation that stands out and has a big impact is the enshrining of the Constitution of the Government whose content is loaded with royal regulations. The Constitution of the Kingdom of Johor was created with the aim of determining the supremacy of the state of Johor to remain in the power and lineage of the Temenggong.

Sultan Abu Bakar's innovation which was perceived as very wise and brave towards bringing about changes in the heritage tradition of the Malay Kings was to create a crown, regalia and degrees of greatness. This creation at once dignified His Majesty's sovereignty and the heir to the throne of the state of Johor.

Another innovation created by Sultan Abu Bakar was the international recognition of His Majesty's title as Sultan of Johor. This recognition places His Majesty on the same level as the Malay Kings. This recognition also negates the misunderstanding and actions of the Malay Kings at one time who did not recognize His Majesty with the impression that His Majesty was not descended from royal blood.

Sultan Abu Bakar and the Sultans of Johor after His Majesty did not set aside, even improved and enriched the customs and culture of the palace to become a treasure and continuation of the people's heritage.

The palace culture is a mixture of Malay culture and Western culture, and is strengthened by the teachings and understanding of the Islamic religion. This blending of cultures can be clearly seen in the coronation customs, birthday celebrations and other royal ceremonies.

Armed with this advantage, Sultan Abu Bakar was able to fortify and defend the independence of Johor for 33 years in a row from repeated attacks by the British to conquer Johor. His wisdom is marked by the title "Father of Modern Johor".

His Majesty Sultan Ibrahim Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar improved and enriched the culture of the palace by summarizing the way of paying respect, setting aside prohibited colors, and allowing national dress to provide comfort to women. His Majesty revived the royal titles that had been used in the past in the state of Johor, such as Admiral, Panglima and Putera and held a flag for the holders of these titles.

Abdul Rahim bin Ramli, 72 years old is a retiree

government after serving 30 years as a Johor State Administrative Service Officer. The last position he held for seven years was Johor State Government Secretary. In addition to government positions, he was appointed by the Sultan of Johor as a Palace Ceremonial Officer starting with the position of Left Commander, Right Commander, and Dato' Penghulu Biracana. In 1996 the late Sultan Iskandar appointed him as Secretary of the Royal Council, Dato' Penghulu Istiadat, and Crown Minister of Johor His Highness. All three positions remain held by him until now

His experience as an administrator who has served with four Mentri Besars and various Palace Ceremonial Officers since the time of the late Sultan Ismail prompted him to write articles and books related to palace customs and protocols. Among state government officials, this extensive experience and knowledge makes

he is an expert in matters of history, protocol and palace culture. In line with this, he was appointed by Sultan Ibrahim Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskan…