الاتجاهات الفكرية في جمعية نهضة العلماء بإندونيسيا: دراسة تحليلية نقدية

Abstract

This study focuses on the intellectual trends within Nahdlatul Ulama, the largest socio-religious organization in the world. The diversity within the organization is reflected in various intellectual streams that participate in discussions, particularly in Indonesia, and more broadly across the globe. The methodology of this study involves data collection and analysis from multiple sources, including qualitative document analysis, as well as conferences and seminars held by the organization. This study identifies three main intellectual streams within Nahdlatul Ulama. First, the liberal Islam stream, which advocates for a more contextual and inclusive interpretation of religion, emphasizing modern values such as pluralism and human rights. This stream often acts as an opposition to conservative views that emphasize tradition and the permanence of religious values considered central to Nahdlatul Ulama’s identity. Second, the Nusantara Islam stream, emphasizes local wisdom and the cultural values of Indonesia in understanding Islam. This stream seeks to adapt Islam to the diverse cultural and ethnic realities in Indonesia, demonstrating Nahdlatul Ulama's flexibility in dealing with diverse local contexts across the archipelago. Third, the conservative stream, adopts traditionalism and stresses the preservation of long-established Islamic values. This stream tends to maintain tradition and reject the influence of modern values seen as disrupting the authenticity of Islamic teachings. The research findings indicate that these three streams influence the future direction of Nahdlatul Ulama's movement, through intellectual conflicts that affect doctrinal, ethical, and social aspects. The study also identifies the challenges arising from intellectual competition within Nahdlatul Ulama, including the need to find a balance between innovation and tradition preservation, as well as external challenges from other groups and parties. The study emphasizes the importance of communication and dialogue between generations within Nahdlatul Ulama as efforts to address these challenges and strengthen unity amidst the diversity of ideas present.