الديون من حيث الفقه الإسلامي وفهم المجتمع بروناي

Abstract

Ad-dain (debt) occur when a person lends his property to another person, and is obligated to the borrower or the debtor to pay off his debt during their lifetime and this obligation does not end even after their death unless their guardian has paid the debt using the debtor’s money. Debt have become common activity or trend, its either for himself, family or for the country, due to the weak financial system. However, Islam has made it easier for people who are less capable to borrow money from others, but it is not encouraged in Islam. Indeed, the Halal is clear, and the Haram is clear, Allah Ta’ala allowed debt in the Islamic transaction, even the Fuqaha also agreed that it is allowed in Islam. The word al-Qardh (loan) is more specific than ad-dain (debt) because it is specific to the value of money or property that used in transaction only. We see nowadays, we will find that debt is very common in our daily life, we borrow money to buy our daily needs, houses, cars, marriage and also to do pilgrimage. The analysis in this study also, the researcher wishes to discuss the relationship between debt and lending or financing services provided by financial institutions, especially Islamic financial institutions. Some Bruneian consider that Islamic Banking practice the concept of Riba (usury), but in reality, Islamic Banking does not practice the concept of Riba (usury), some of them consider that Islamic Banking and Conventional Banking are same concept, though it is not same. In this research, researchers will examine the beneficial effects and adverse effects of debt among Bruneian society. The methodology for conducting this study involves reading and referencing Fiqh books, as well as seeking information on the understanding and use of debt through the internet. I also utilized 'Google Form' to conduct a survey in order to obtain information and data regarding the understanding and usage of debts within the Brunei community. The result of this research will be gathered at the end of this thesis In Syaa Allah.